Fuel Types in the UK: A 2025 Overview

The way we power our vehicles in the UK is changing fast. As the government works toward reducing emissions and phasing out fossil fuels, drivers now have a wider range of fuel types to choose from. Each option has different advantages, disadvantages, and uses. Here's a clear overview of the main fuel types used in the UK as of 2025.

1. Petrol (Unleaded)

Petrol is still the most commonly used vehicle fuel in the UK. Since 2021, the standard petrol sold is E10, which contains up to 10% renewable ethanol.

Advantages:

• Widely available across the country

• Suitable for many small to medium-sized cars

• Generally cheaper vehicles than diesel or electric

Disadvantages:

• Produces more CO₂ emissions than some other fuels

• Less fuel-efficient than diesel

• Petrol cars will no longer be sold new from 2035

2. Diesel

Diesel fuel is commonly used in larger vehicles, such as vans, lorries, and some family cars. It offers better fuel economy than petrol, especially for long-distance driving.

Advantages:

• More miles per gallon than petrol

• Better for long journeys and heavy loads

• Diesel engines tend to last longer

Disadvantages:

• Emits nitrogen oxides (NOx), which contribute to air pollution

• Higher taxes and extra charges in clean air zones

• Also being phased out for new sales by 2035

3. Electric Vehicles (EVs)

Electric vehicles use rechargeable batteries and electric motors instead of internal combustion engines. They are central to the UK’s strategy to reduce vehicle emissions.

Advantages:

• Zero emissions at the tailpipe

• Lower running costs than petrol or diesel

• Exempt from road tax and congestion charges in many areas

Disadvantages:

• More expensive to buy (though prices are falling)

• Charging infrastructure still growing

• Range may vary depending on the model

4. Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles (PHEVs)

PHEVs use both an electric battery and a petrol or diesel engine. The battery can be charged at home or at public charging points and provides an electric-only range, usually between 20–40 miles.

Advantages:

• Lower emissions when driven mostly on electric power

• Suitable for both short electric trips and longer journeys

• Less range anxiety than fully electric vehicles

Disadvantages:

• Heavier than standard cars

• Still rely on fossil fuels when the battery runs out

• Must be charged regularly to be environmentally effective

5. Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles (HFCVs)

Hydrogen vehicles are powered by converting hydrogen gas into electricity. They emit only water vapour and are seen as a clean fuel alternative, particularly for larger or commercial vehicles.

Advantages:

• Zero tailpipe emissions

• Fast refuelling times, similar to petrol or diesel

• Long driving range

Disadvantages:

• Very limited refuelling infrastructure in the UK

• Expensive technology

• Hydrogen production is energy-intensive

Conclusion

The UK is undergoing a major shift in how vehicles are powered. While petrol and diesel still dominate, cleaner alternatives like electric and hydrogen are growing rapidly. With the 2035 ban on new fossil fuel cars approaching, understanding your fuel options is more important than ever. Whether you're buying a car now or planning for the future, choosing the right fuel type depends on your driving habits, budget, and environmental goals.