How to Apply for Section 8 Housing in Seattle

Access to safe, affordable housing is a fundamental need for individuals and families across Seattle. With one of the highest cost-of-living rates in the United States, many residents struggle to find housing that fits their income. Section 8 housing, officially known as the Housing Choice Voucher Program, is a federal assistance initiative administered locally by the Seattle Housing Authority (SHA) that helps low-income households pay for rent in privately owned homes. For thousands of Seattle residents, this program is not just a financial lifeline—it’s a pathway to stability, safety, and opportunity.

Applying for Section 8 housing in Seattle is a structured, competitive process that requires patience, preparation, and attention to detail. Unlike other forms of public assistance, Section 8 is not guaranteed upon application. Due to high demand and limited funding, waiting lists often remain closed for years, and applicants must meet strict eligibility criteria based on income, family size, citizenship status, and rental history. This guide provides a comprehensive, step-by-step roadmap to navigate the application process, understand the rules, avoid common mistakes, and maximize your chances of securing assistance in Seattle’s challenging housing market.

Step-by-Step Guide

Understand the Housing Choice Voucher Program

The Housing Choice Voucher Program, commonly referred to as Section 8, allows eligible households to choose their own housing—including apartments, townhomes, and single-family homes—as long as the property meets federal housing quality standards and the landlord agrees to participate. The program pays a portion of the rent directly to the landlord, while the tenant pays the difference, typically 30% of their monthly adjusted income.

In Seattle, the program is managed by the Seattle Housing Authority, a public agency funded by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). SHA determines eligibility, issues vouchers, and monitors compliance. Unlike some other cities, SHA does not operate public housing complexes; instead, it relies entirely on private landlords to provide units.

It’s critical to understand that Section 8 is not emergency housing. It is a long-term rental subsidy designed for households with persistent low income. Applicants must demonstrate a need that extends beyond temporary hardship.

Determine Eligibility Requirements

To qualify for Section 8 housing in Seattle, you must meet the following criteria:

• Income Limits: Your household’s gross annual income must be at or below 50% of the Area Median Income (AMI) for King County. For 2024, these limits are approximately:
  • 1 person: $51,850
  • 2 people: $59,260
  • 3 people: $66,670
  • 4 people: $74,080
  • 5 people: $80,000
  • 6 people: $85,920
  • 7 people: $91,840
  • 8 people: $97,760

  Some households earning up to 80% of AMI may be eligible for priority if they are homeless, fleeing domestic violence, or have other extenuating circumstances.

• Family Composition: The program defines “family” broadly. This includes single individuals, couples, single parents with children, elderly households, and disabled persons. All members of the household must be listed on the application.
• Citizenship or Immigration Status: At least one member of the household must be a U.S. citizen or have eligible immigration status. Non-citizens with qualified status (e.g., lawful permanent residents, refugees, asylees) may qualify. Undocumented individuals are not eligible, but their U.S.-citizen children may be.
• Rental and Criminal History: Applicants must pass a background check. A history of violent crimes, drug-related offenses, or eviction for drug activity within the past five years may disqualify you. However, SHA considers individual circumstances and may allow exceptions with documentation of rehabilitation.

Income is calculated based on all sources: wages, Social Security, unemployment, child support, alimony, and other regular payments. Assets such as bank accounts, vehicles, and property may also be considered depending on their value and liquidity.

Check the Waiting List Status

One of the most common misconceptions is that you can apply for Section 8 at any time. In reality, the Seattle Housing Authority’s waiting list is often closed due to overwhelming demand. As of 2024, the list has been closed since 2021 and is not expected to reopen until late 2025 or early 2026. This is not unique to Seattle—most major U.S. cities experience similar backlogs.

Before proceeding with any application steps, verify the current status of the waiting list:

• Visit the official Seattle Housing Authority website: www.seattlehousing.org
• Look for the “Housing Choice Voucher Program” or “Section 8” section
• Check for announcements labeled “Waiting List Open” or “Application Period”
• Sign up for email alerts through SHA’s website to receive notifications when the list reopens

Do not pay anyone to “get you on the list.” Only applications submitted through SHA’s official channels are valid. Third-party services claiming to expedite your application are scams.

Prepare Required Documentation

When the waiting list opens, you will need to submit a complete application with supporting documents. Prepare these in advance to avoid delays:

• Proof of Identity: Valid government-issued photo ID for all adult household members (driver’s license, state ID, passport)
• Proof of Income: Pay stubs from the last 30 days, recent tax returns, Social Security award letters, unemployment statements, child support documentation, or other income verification
• Proof of Citizenship or Immigration Status: Birth certificate, U.S. passport, Certificate of Naturalization, Permanent Resident Card (Green Card), or other DHS-approved documents
• Proof of Address: Utility bill, lease agreement, or official mail with your current address
• Birth Certificates: For all children under 18 in the household
• Disability Documentation (if applicable): Letter from a medical provider or SSA award letter
• Childcare Expenses: Receipts or statements if you are claiming childcare costs as a deduction
• Other Expenses: Medical expenses over $500/year for elderly or disabled members may be deducted from income

Organize these documents in a digital folder and a printed binder. Many applicants are disqualified not because they are ineligible, but because they fail to provide complete documentation during the initial screening.

Submit Your Application

When the waiting list opens, SHA typically allows applications to be submitted online through its portal. In rare cases, paper applications may be available at SHA offices or partner locations. Follow these steps:

1. Go to the SHA website during the open application window
2. Click on “Apply for Housing Choice Voucher”
3. Create an account using a valid email address (do not use temporary or school emails)
4. Complete the application form in full—do not skip any questions
5. Upload all required documents as clear, legible PDFs or JPEGs
6. Review your submission for accuracy before clicking “Submit”
7. Save or print your confirmation number and email receipt

Applications are processed in the order they are received. Once submitted, you will not be able to edit your application. If you notice an error after submission, contact SHA immediately with your confirmation number and a written explanation.

Wait for Your Number to Be Called

After submission, your application enters a waiting pool. The average wait time in Seattle is 3–7 years, depending on family size, income level, and priority status. You will receive periodic updates via mail or email regarding your position on the list.

It’s important to keep your contact information updated. If SHA cannot reach you due to an outdated phone number or address, your application may be removed from the list.

While waiting, you may qualify for other housing assistance programs:

• Seattle’s Emergency Rental Assistance Program (ERAP)
• Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP)
• Local nonprofit housing counseling services

Do not assume you are ineligible if your wait is long. Many applicants are called after several years, especially if they have children, are elderly, or are survivors of domestic violence.

Complete the Eligibility Interview

When your name reaches the top of the list, SHA will contact you to schedule a formal eligibility interview. This is not a formality—it’s a critical step. Bring all original documents you submitted during application, plus:

• Current pay stubs (last 30 days)
• Bank statements (last 3 months)
• Proof of any changes in household composition (births, deaths, departures)
• Proof of any new income or loss of income

During the interview, a housing specialist will verify your information, explain your rights and responsibilities, and determine your voucher amount based on your income and family size. You will also receive a packet of materials outlining how to find a qualifying unit.

Find a Qualifying Rental Unit

Once approved for a voucher, you have 60 to 120 days to find a rental unit that meets program requirements. The unit must:

• Be located within Seattle city limits or in participating jurisdictions
• Pass a Housing Quality Standards (HQS) inspection conducted by SHA
• Have rent within the Fair Market Rent (FMR) limits for King County
• Have a landlord willing to participate in the Section 8 program

Landlords are not required to accept Section 8 vouchers, but Seattle has enacted “source of income” protections under its Fair Housing Ordinance, meaning landlords cannot refuse applicants solely because they use vouchers. However, landlords may still screen for credit, rental history, and background checks.

Use SHA’s online rental listing tool or contact local housing counselors to find participating landlords. You may also search on popular rental platforms like Zillow, Apartments.com, or Craigslist, then ask landlords if they accept Section 8.

Complete the Lease and Inspection

Once you find a unit:

1. Sign a standard lease agreement with the landlord
2. Request that the landlord complete the Request for Tenancy Approval (RTA) form
3. Submit the RTA to SHA along with the lease
4. SHA will schedule a housing inspection within 10–14 days
5. If the unit passes, SHA will sign a Housing Assistance Payments (HAP) contract with the landlord
6. You will pay your portion of the rent directly to the landlord each month

If the unit fails inspection, you have 30 days to address the issues or find another unit. Common reasons for failure include peeling paint (pre-1978 homes), lack of smoke detectors, broken locks, or unsafe electrical systems.

Maintain Your Voucher

After moving in, you must comply with ongoing program requirements:

• Report all changes in income, household size, or address within 10 days
• Allow SHA to conduct annual recertifications
• Pay your portion of rent on time
• Keep the unit in good condition
• Do not engage in illegal activity on the premises

Failure to comply may result in termination of your voucher. However, SHA offers support services, including financial counseling and eviction prevention resources, to help you stay housed.

Best Practices

Apply Early and Stay Consistent

The most successful applicants are those who prepare long before the waiting list opens. Begin gathering documents, understanding income limits, and monitoring SHA’s website at least six months in advance. Set calendar reminders for potential opening dates and subscribe to email alerts.

Keep All Records Organized

Use a digital folder (Google Drive, Dropbox) and a physical binder to store all application-related documents. Label everything clearly: “Income Proof – 2024,” “Birth Certificates – Children,” “Immigration Status – I-551.” This saves time during interviews and reduces the risk of disqualification due to missing paperwork.

Understand Your Rights as a Tenant

Seattle has strong tenant protections. You have the right to:

• Receive a written lease
• Live in a unit that meets safety and habitability standards
• Be free from discrimination based on source of income
• Receive 24-hour notice before landlord entry
• Request repairs in writing

Learn about the Seattle Renters’ Protection Ordinance and the Washington State Landlord-Tenant Act. These laws empower you to advocate for yourself during the housing search and beyond.

Build Credit and Improve Rental History

Even with a voucher, landlords may still run credit checks. If you have past evictions or poor credit, take steps to improve your profile:

• Pay all bills on time, including utilities and phone
• Request a letter of reference from a previous landlord
• Apply for a secured credit card and use it responsibly
• Dispute any errors on your credit report through AnnualCreditReport.com

A clean rental history increases your chances of finding a landlord willing to accept your voucher.

Network with Housing Counselors and Community Organizations

Local nonprofits such as the Low Income Housing Institute (LIHI), Catholic Housing Services, and the Seattle/King County Coalition on Homelessness offer free counseling, housing search assistance, and advocacy. They often know of landlords open to Section 8 tenants and can help you navigate the process.

Be Patient and Avoid Scams

Waiting years for a voucher is normal. Do not fall for scams promising “fast track” access for a fee. Legitimate agencies never charge to apply for Section 8. If someone asks for money, report them to SHA immediately.

Plan for the Long Term

Section 8 is not a temporary fix—it’s a long-term housing solution. Once you receive a voucher, aim to build financial stability. Consider job training, education programs, or financial literacy courses offered by SHA or community partners. Many families use the stability of Section 8 to save for a down payment, improve credit, or transition to homeownership.

Tools and Resources

Official Resources

• Seattle Housing Authority (SHA) – www.seattlehousing.org
• HUD’s Housing Choice Voucher Program Page – www.hud.gov/program_offices/public_indian_housing/programs/hcv
• Fair Market Rent (FMR) Calculator – www.huduser.gov/portal/datasets/fmr.html
• Seattle Renters’ Rights Guide – www.seattle.gov/rentersrights

Document Preparation Tools

• Google Drive or Dropbox – For organizing digital documents
• Adobe Scan or CamScanner – To create high-quality PDFs of paper documents
• AnnualCreditReport.com – To check and dispute credit report errors
• IRS Get Transcript Tool – To download tax transcripts for income verification

Search and Listing Tools

• SHA Voucher-Ready Listings – Available on SHA’s website under “Find a Home”
• Zillow and Apartments.com – Use filters for “Section 8 accepted” or contact landlords directly
• Seattle Housing Resource Center – Offers free housing search assistance
• King County Housing Authority (KCHA) – If you live outside Seattle city limits, KCHA may be your local agency

Support and Counseling Organizations

• Low Income Housing Institute (LIHI) – Offers case management and housing search support
• Catholic Housing Services – Provides rental assistance and housing counseling
• Seattle/King County Coalition on Homelessness – Advocacy and emergency housing referrals
• Washington LawHelp – Free legal advice on housing rights and eviction defense

Financial Literacy and Job Training

• Seattle Public Library – Financial Wellness Workshops
• WorkSource Seattle-King County – Free job training and placement services
• United Way 211 – Dial 2-1-1 for referrals to food, childcare, and employment services

Real Examples

Example 1: Single Mother with Two Children

Jamila, a 32-year-old single mother working part-time as a home health aide, applied for Section 8 in Seattle in 2022 after her rent increased by 40%. She earned $38,000 annually, below the 50% AMI limit for a family of three. She prepared her documents for six months and submitted her application the day the list reopened. She was placed on the waiting list with priority status due to her children’s age. After 4.5 years, she was contacted for an interview. She found a two-bedroom apartment in North Seattle where the landlord accepted vouchers. Her rent was $1,800/month; SHA paid $1,300, and she paid $500 (30% of her income). She now has stability and is enrolled in a nursing assistant program.

Example 2: Elderly Veteran with Disability

Robert, a 68-year-old veteran with a permanent disability, lived in a studio apartment he could no longer afford. He applied for Section 8 after being referred by his VA social worker. His income included $1,400/month in Social Security Disability and $300 in veteran’s benefits. He was approved for priority status due to his disability and age. He received his voucher within 18 months and moved into a one-bedroom unit with accessible features. He now pays $210/month and receives monthly wellness check-ins from SHA’s senior services team.

Example 3: Immigrant Family with Eligible Status

The Nguyen family arrived in Seattle as refugees in 2020. They applied for Section 8 in 2023 after their temporary housing expired. The father worked in food service, and the mother cared for their three children. They provided their refugee resettlement paperwork and translated income documents. They were placed on the list and received a voucher after 3 years. They now live in a three-bedroom unit in Rainier Valley and are learning English through SHA’s community partner program.

Example 4: Denied Application – Lessons Learned

Carlos applied for Section 8 in 2021 and was denied because he listed his girlfriend as a household member without providing her proof of income. He assumed her unemployment benefits weren’t needed. SHA later explained that all adult household members must be disclosed and verified. Carlos reapplied in 2024 with full documentation and was approved. His takeaway: “Don’t assume what’s ‘minor’—list everyone and bring everything.”

FAQs

How long is the Section 8 waiting list in Seattle?

The waiting list is typically closed for years due to high demand. When open, applicants may wait 3 to 7 years before receiving a voucher. Priority is given to those who are homeless, fleeing domestic violence, or have very low income.

Can I apply for Section 8 if I have a criminal record?

It depends. Convictions for violent crimes or drug manufacturing within the past five years may disqualify you. However, SHA considers rehabilitation, time passed, and individual circumstances. You may be eligible if you can provide proof of completion of programs or counseling.

Do I need to be a U.S. citizen to qualify?

No. At least one member of the household must be a U.S. citizen or have eligible immigration status, such as lawful permanent resident, refugee, or asylee. Undocumented individuals are not eligible, but their U.S.-citizen children may be.

Can I use my Section 8 voucher anywhere in Washington State?

Yes, but only if the landlord agrees and the unit is within HUD’s Fair Market Rent limits. You can transfer your voucher to another jurisdiction after one year of residency, known as “portability.”

What if my income increases after I get a voucher?

Your rent portion will adjust annually based on your updated income. If your income rises above 80% of AMI, you may still remain in the program but may pay a higher percentage of rent. You cannot be removed simply because your income increases.

Can I apply if I’m currently homeless?

Yes. Homeless individuals are given priority on the waiting list. Contact SHA or a local shelter to get help with your application and documentation.

How often does SHA inspect my apartment?

SHA conducts an initial inspection before you move in and annual inspections thereafter. They may also inspect if a complaint is filed.

Can I get a Section 8 voucher if I own a car?

Yes. Owning a car does not disqualify you. However, the value of the vehicle may be considered if it exceeds $10,000 (as of 2024). This is rare and typically only applies to luxury vehicles.

What if I’m denied? Can I appeal?

Yes. If you are denied eligibility, you have the right to request a hearing within 10 days. SHA will provide written notice of your denial and appeal rights. Bring documentation and witnesses if possible.

Is there a limit to how long I can receive Section 8?

No. As long as you remain eligible and comply with program rules, you can keep your voucher indefinitely. Many families stay in the program for decades.

Conclusion

Applying for Section 8 housing in Seattle is not a quick process, but it is one of the most effective ways for low-income households to achieve long-term housing stability in a city where rent continues to outpace wages. The journey requires patience, organization, and persistence—but it is achievable. By understanding the eligibility rules, preparing documents in advance, monitoring the waiting list closely, and leveraging community resources, you can navigate this complex system with confidence.

Remember: Section 8 is not charity—it is a right. The federal government created this program to ensure that no one is forced to choose between rent and food, medicine, or safety. Your application is not just a form—it is a step toward dignity, security, and opportunity.

Stay informed. Stay prepared. Stay hopeful. The voucher you’re waiting for may be closer than you think.