How to Hike Cape Flattery: Northwest Tip of the Contiguous United States

Cape Flattery, located at the northwesternmost point of the contiguous United States, is a place of raw natural beauty, cultural significance, and geological wonder. Nestled on the Makah Indian Reservation in Washington State, this remote coastal promontory offers hikers unparalleled views of the Pacific Ocean, dramatic sea stacks, and the convergence of the Strait of Juan de Fuca and the Pacific. While the trail to Cape Flattery is relatively short, the journey demands preparation, respect for Indigenous land, and an appreciation for the fragile coastal ecosystem. This comprehensive guide walks you through every essential step to safely and meaningfully hike Cape Flattery, from planning your route to understanding its cultural context. Whether you’re a seasoned hiker seeking solitude or a first-time visitor drawn to the edge of the continent, this tutorial ensures you experience Cape Flattery with knowledge, reverence, and confidence.

Step-by-Step Guide

1. Understand the Location and Access

Cape Flattery is situated on the Olympic Peninsula, approximately 20 miles northwest of Neah Bay, Washington. It is not accessible via public roads directly to the trailhead — you must drive to the Makah Cultural and Research Center, then follow a clearly marked, unpaved road to the trailhead parking area. The entire route lies within the Makah Indian Reservation, so access is permitted only with proper respect and adherence to tribal regulations. There are no entrance fees, but visitors are expected to follow tribal guidelines and leave no trace.

The trailhead is located at the end of Cape Flattery Road, which branches off from Highway 112. GPS coordinates for the parking area are approximately 48.4375° N, 124.7353° W. While Google Maps and Apple Maps can guide you, it’s highly recommended to download offline maps using apps like Gaia GPS or AllTrails, as cellular service is unreliable in this remote area.

2. Plan Your Visit Timing

The best time to hike Cape Flattery is between late May and early October, when weather conditions are most stable and daylight hours are longest. Winter months bring heavy rainfall, high winds, and hazardous trail conditions. Even during summer, coastal fog and sudden storms are common — always check the National Weather Service forecast for Neah Bay and the Makah Reservation prior to departure.

Arrive early in the morning. The trailhead parking lot is small and fills quickly, especially on weekends and holidays. Parking is free but limited to approximately 20 vehicles. If the lot is full, do not park along the road — this is a violation of tribal rules and may result in towing.

3. Prepare Your Gear

Despite its short length, the Cape Flattery trail requires thoughtful preparation. The 1.2-mile round-trip hike includes uneven terrain, exposed cliff edges, and steep stairs. Essential gear includes:

• Sturdy hiking boots with excellent traction — the trail includes slick moss-covered rocks and wooden staircases.
• Waterproof outer layer — coastal weather changes rapidly; rain is frequent even on sunny days.
• Wind-resistant jacket — wind speeds at the cape often exceed 20 mph.
• Extra layers — temperatures can drop significantly near the water, even in summer.
• Water and snacks — there are no facilities along the trail.
• Camera with telephoto lens — wildlife and distant landmarks are best captured from a distance.
• Binoculars — for spotting sea lions, whales, and seabirds.
• First aid kit — including bandages, antiseptic, and blister treatment.
• Whistle and headlamp — for emergency signaling and unexpected delays.

Do not bring drones. Their use is strictly prohibited on Makah tribal land without explicit permission, which is rarely granted to casual visitors.

4. Begin the Hike

The trail begins at a small, clearly marked parking area with a wooden sign reading “Cape Flattery Trail.” The path starts as a wide, gravel service road before narrowing into a well-maintained dirt trail lined with Sitka spruce and western hemlock. After approximately 0.2 miles, you’ll reach a junction marked with a wooden sign pointing left to the Cape Flattery Trail. Take the left fork — the right leads to a private property boundary.

The trail descends gradually through dense forest, crossing a small footbridge over a seasonal creek. At 0.4 miles, you’ll encounter a series of 110 wooden stairs carved into the hillside. These stairs are steep and narrow — take them slowly and use the handrails. Many visitors underestimate the physical demand of this section. If you have mobility issues or fear of heights, consider turning back here.

At the top of the stairs, the trail levels out and opens onto a windswept ridge with panoramic views. The final 0.2 miles are on a boardwalk that winds through sensitive coastal vegetation. Stay on the boardwalk at all times — stepping off damages rare plants like beach pea and sea rocket, which are vital to the dune ecosystem.

5. Reach the Cape

The trail ends at a stone observation platform built by the Makah Nation. This is the exact point marking the northwestern tip of the contiguous United States. From here, you’ll see:

• The Tatoosh Islands, a chain of rocky islets just offshore, home to nesting puffins and cormorants.
• The Pacific Ocean, stretching endlessly to the horizon.
• The Strait of Juan de Fuca, where saltwater from the Pacific meets the calmer waters of the strait.
• On clear days, the silhouette of Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada.

Watch for marine life — gray whales migrate past Cape Flattery in spring and fall, and sea lions often haul out on the rocks below. The sound of waves crashing against the cliffs is constant and powerful. This is not just a viewpoint — it’s a living, breathing edge of the continent.

6. Respect Cultural and Environmental Boundaries

Cape Flattery is sacred land to the Makah people. For thousands of years, it has been a place of spiritual significance, whaling ceremonies, and ancestral connection. Do not touch or climb on the stone cairns, markers, or any cultural artifacts you may encounter. Avoid loud noises, especially near the observation platform. Photography of sacred sites or tribal members is strictly prohibited unless given permission.

There are no trash cans at the trailhead or on the trail. Pack out everything you bring in — including food wrappers, tissues, and water bottles. Even biodegradable items like apple cores can disrupt local wildlife.

7. Return Safely

The return hike is uphill and can be more taxing than the outbound journey, especially if you’re tired or the wind is strong. Take breaks as needed, hydrate, and avoid rushing. The descent down the wooden stairs requires extra caution — they become slippery when wet. If you’re hiking with children or elderly companions, consider having one person descend first to assist others.

Once back at the parking lot, ensure your vehicle is locked and all belongings are secured. Wildlife, including raccoons and ravens, are common in the area and will raid unattended items.

Best Practices

1. Prioritize Leave No Trace Principles

Adhering to Leave No Trace ethics is not optional at Cape Flattery — it’s essential for preserving this fragile ecosystem. Follow these seven principles rigorously:

1. Plan ahead and prepare — Know the weather, trail conditions, and tribal regulations before you go.
2. Travel and camp on durable surfaces — Stay on the boardwalk and trail. Never create new paths.
3. Dispose of waste properly — Carry out all trash, including biodegradable items.
4. Leave what you find — Do not collect shells, rocks, driftwood, or plants.
5. Minimize campfire impact — Fires are not permitted anywhere on the trail or reservation.
6. Respect wildlife — Observe animals from a distance. Never feed or approach them.
7. Be considerate of other visitors — Keep noise levels low and yield to others on narrow sections of the trail.

2. Respect Tribal Sovereignty

The Makah Nation governs Cape Flattery and its surrounding lands. This is not a national park — it is sovereign Indigenous territory. Your presence is a privilege, not a right. Always treat the land and its people with dignity. If you encounter tribal members, greet them politely and do not intrude on their activities. Do not ask for photos or stories unless invited. Support the Makah community by purchasing authentic crafts or food from the Makah Cultural and Research Center before or after your hike.

3. Weather Awareness and Safety

Coastal weather at Cape Flattery is notoriously unpredictable. Even on a clear morning, fog can roll in within minutes, reducing visibility to near zero. Wind gusts can exceed 50 mph, making it dangerous to stand near cliff edges. Always check the forecast from the National Weather Service (NWS) for Neah Bay. Look for terms like “gale warning,” “coastal flood advisory,” or “high surf advisory.” If any of these are active, postpone your hike.

Never hike alone. The trail is remote, and cell service is spotty. If you must hike solo, inform someone of your plans and expected return time. Carry a personal locator beacon (PLB) or satellite messenger if you’re venturing into more isolated areas of the Olympic Peninsula.

4. Timing and Crowds

To avoid crowds and maximize your experience, aim to arrive by 8:00 a.m. The trail is busiest between 10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m., especially during summer holidays. If you prefer solitude, consider hiking at sunrise or sunset — both offer dramatic lighting and fewer people. Sunset hikes require a headlamp and extra caution on the stairs.

5. Wildlife Etiquette

Cape Flattery is part of the Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary. You may encounter:

• Sea lions — Often seen lounging on the Tatoosh Islands. Keep at least 100 feet away. They are wild, fast, and can be aggressive.
• Gray whales — Migrate past the cape in March–April and October–November. Use binoculars to view them safely.
• Marbled murrelets and puffins — Rare seabirds that nest in the cliffs. Do not use flash photography.
• Black bears — Rarely seen on the trail, but possible. Store food in sealed containers and never leave it unattended.

Never attempt to feed or attract wildlife. Doing so is illegal and dangerous.

Tools and Resources

1. Essential Apps and Digital Tools

While Cape Flattery is remote, technology can enhance safety and experience:

• AllTrails — Download the “Cape Flattery Trail” map offline. Includes user reviews, photos, and trail conditions.
• Gaia GPS — Offers topographic maps and satellite imagery. Useful for navigating the reservation roads.
• National Weather Service App — Real-time alerts for wind, fog, and marine conditions.
• Meridian Map — A detailed map of the Makah Reservation available for download from the Makah Cultural and Research Center website.
• Audubon Bird Guide — Helps identify seabirds and shorebirds you may encounter.

2. Official Resources

Always consult these authoritative sources before your trip:

• Makah Cultural and Research Center — Located in Neah Bay, this center offers exhibits on Makah history, whaling traditions, and cultural protocols. Their website (makah.com) provides updated access guidelines and seasonal advisories.
• National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) — Provides marine forecasts and tide charts critical for planning your visit.
• Washington State Parks and Recreation Commission — Offers general information about the Olympic Peninsula and regional trail conditions.
• Olympic National Park Visitor Centers — While Cape Flattery is not within the national park, nearby visitor centers in Port Angeles or Forks offer maps and advice for the region.

3. Recommended Reading

Deepen your understanding with these publications:

• The Makah Indians: A History of the Makah People by Robert H. Ruby and John A. Brown — A foundational text on Makah culture and sovereignty.
• Walking the Edge: A Guide to the Olympic Coast by David R. Montgomery — Explores the geology and ecology of Cape Flattery and surrounding areas.
• Where the Sea Meets the Sky: Coastal Conservation in the Pacific Northwest by Susan J. Clark — Discusses the ecological importance of the Tatoosh Islands and marine sanctuary.

4. Local Gear and Supplies

There are no stores near the trailhead. Stock up on supplies in Neah Bay:

• Makah Trading Post — Offers snacks, bottled water, rain gear, and basic first aid items.
• Neah Bay General Store — Sells maps, batteries, and emergency supplies.
• Neah Bay Seafood Market — If you want to try fresh salmon or halibut, this is the best local source.

Do not rely on convenience stores in Forks or Port Angeles — the drive from those towns adds over an hour each way.

Real Examples

Example 1: The Solo Hiker’s Experience

Emily, a 32-year-old photographer from Seattle, hiked Cape Flattery on a misty June morning. She arrived at 7:30 a.m., parking alone in the lot. She wore waterproof hiking boots, a windproof shell, and carried a DSLR with a 100–400mm lens. She stayed on the boardwalk, avoided using her phone for photos (to preserve battery), and spent 45 minutes at the observation point capturing the fog rolling over the Tatoosh Islands. She returned by 10:00 a.m., before the crowds arrived. Emily later shared her photos on Instagram with the caption: “Standing where the continent ends — and the ocean begins. Thank you, Makah Nation, for this sacred space.” Her post sparked a respectful conversation about Indigenous land rights and conservation.

Example 2: The Family Hike

The Rivera family — parents and two children aged 8 and 11 — visited Cape Flattery during a summer road trip. They prepared by watching a short video from the Makah Cultural Center about tribal history. The children were given small backpacks with water, granola bars, and binoculars. The parents kept them close on the stairs and explained why they couldn’t touch the rocks or leave trash. The family stayed less than an hour, but the children later drew pictures of sea lions and whales. The father wrote in his journal: “We didn’t just see a viewpoint — we learned to see with respect.”

Example 3: The Weather Warning

In September, a group of four hikers from Oregon ignored a National Weather Service gale warning and attempted the hike at noon. Within 15 minutes of reaching the observation platform, wind speeds spiked to 45 mph. One hiker lost balance near the cliff edge and was caught by a companion. The group retreated quickly, but their soaked gear and shaken nerves ended their trip. They later posted a cautionary review on AllTrails: “Don’t be fooled by a sunny forecast. The coast lies. Always check the marine advisory.”

Example 4: Cultural Misstep and Redemption

A visitor from California climbed on a stone cairn near the trail’s end, thinking it was a “viewpoint marker.” A Makah elder observed and approached calmly. Instead of reprimanding, she explained the cairn’s spiritual meaning — a prayer offering left by ancestors. The visitor apologized, removed their shoes, and sat quietly for 10 minutes in reflection. Later, they donated a copy of their photography book to the Makah Cultural and Research Center. “I didn’t come to conquer the edge,” they wrote in their note. “I came to listen. And I did.”

FAQs

Is Cape Flattery open year-round?

Yes, the trail is technically open year-round, but winter conditions make it dangerous and often impassable. Heavy rain, mudslides, and high winds are common from November to April. The Makah Nation recommends visiting only between May and October.

Do I need a permit to hike Cape Flattery?

No permit is required, but you must follow Makah Nation rules. This includes staying on designated trails, not disturbing cultural sites, and packing out all trash.

Can I bring my dog?

No. Pets are not allowed on the trail or within the Makah Reservation. This protects wildlife, cultural sites, and the natural environment.

Are there restrooms at the trailhead?

Yes, there is a portable toilet at the parking area. It is basic and not always stocked — bring hand sanitizer.

Is the trail wheelchair accessible?

No. The trail includes steep wooden stairs, uneven surfaces, and narrow boardwalks. It is not accessible for wheelchairs or strollers.

Can I camp near Cape Flattery?

No. Camping is not permitted on the trail or within the immediate reservation area. The nearest legal camping is at the Makah Campground in Neah Bay, which requires a reservation.

What should I do if I see someone violating the rules?

Do not confront them. Note the behavior and report it to the Makah Cultural and Research Center at (360) 645-2800. They are the only authorized body to handle violations on tribal land.

Is there cell service on the trail?

Very limited. Verizon may have sporadic signal at the parking lot, but no service on the trail or at the cape. Rely on offline maps and physical navigation tools.

Can I collect shells or driftwood as souvenirs?

No. Removing any natural or cultural materials is illegal and disrespectful. Take only photos and memories.

How long does the hike take?

Most visitors complete the round-trip hike in 1.5 to 2 hours, including time spent at the observation platform. Allow extra time for photography, wildlife viewing, and rest.

Conclusion

Hiking Cape Flattery is more than a physical journey — it is a passage through time, culture, and the raw power of nature. Standing at the northwest tip of the contiguous United States, you are not just witnessing a landmark — you are standing on sacred ground that has witnessed millennia of tides, storms, and human connection. This guide has provided the practical steps to reach the cape, but the true value of the experience lies in how you honor it.

Prepare thoroughly. Respect the Makah Nation. Leave no trace. Listen to the wind. Watch the whales. Be still. This is not a destination to check off a list. It is a threshold — where land surrenders to ocean, where culture endures beyond colonization, and where nature reminds us of our smallness and our responsibility.

When you return home, share your story — not just of the view, but of the reverence. Tell others about the Makah people. Support Indigenous-led conservation. Advocate for the protection of coastal ecosystems. Let your hike become a catalyst for deeper understanding, not just a photo op.

Cape Flattery does not need more visitors. It needs more respectful ones. Walk gently. Leave quietly. And carry its spirit with you — long after the tide has turned.